abt 1320?
Son of Adam Johnston"STIVEN (STEPHEN) de JOHNSTON, living in 1380, went to Aberdeen shire, married MARGARET in the time of King David Bruce and became Secretary to the Earl of Mar; inherited Caskieben from his father-n-law. During the next five generations, Johnston's married into many ancient and wealthy families increasing prestige and land holdings.
“A man of great learning, honoured with the title ‘The Clerk’. “For troubls wherein he fell in his our countrie, he came into the north pairt of Scotland and was pleasantlie by the [Thomas] Earl of Marr to whom hee became secretarie. Got the estate Caskieben from his wife’s inheritance. Note from “The Family of Johnston of that lik and of Caskieben” by Alexander Johnston Jr., Writ to His Majesty’s signet. Pub. #Edinburg 1832.
The Baronage of Scotland records that he was a brother of Sir John de Johnston of Annandale.
Lady Margaret de Garrioch (or Garviach) was sole heiress to Sir Andrew de Garviach, Knight, and this marriage brought Stephen the lands of Caskieben, Crimond, Kinburn and others.
Family traditions in Scotland indicate that Stephen had claimed the title of his father, Sir John de Johnstone, the Laird (Lord) of Annandale, but had not succeeded in a contest with his brother Gilbert. Stephen’s immediate male descendants were named John and Gilbert, which corresponded with the prevailing Johnstone family names in Annandale (Dumfriesshire).
In Aberdeen, Stephen – who had an extraordinary education for anyone not in the priesthood -- became secretary to the powerful Earl of Mar, who reigned almost autonomously over the area during the period of King David Bruce, Scotland’s ruler from 1329 to 1371. Such easy entry into the household of the earl spoke to a similar background for Stephen.
Stephen married Margaret Garioch (also Garviach or Garviehaugh), daughter of Andrew, from a noble family that had come to Britain with William the Conqueror from France in the late 11th century. The Garioch family had not rivaled the Earl of Mar for power, but included local sheriffs (who functioned as tax collectors) among its forebears.
Stephen married Margaret Garioch (also Garviach or Garviehaugh), daughter of Andrew, from a noble family that had come to Britain with William the Conqueror from France in the late 11th century. The Garioch family had not rivaled the Earl of Mar for power, but included local sheriffs (who functioned as tax collectors) among its forebears.Lady Margaret de Garrioch (or Garviach) was sole heiress to Sir Andrew de Garviach, Knight, and this marriage brought Stephen the lands of Caskieben, Crimond, Kinburn and others.
LEIGHTON OF ULYSSESHAVEN OR USAN
“an ancient family in Angus.”“Laird of Owfan in Angus,”
1383?
A distinguished warrior during the reigns of King David II and King Robert II.Annandale (Dumfriesshire)
?Adam Johnston b. 1330 - Many genealogies have this name instead of Sir John de Johnston as the father of Stephen.
Anthony?Sir James’s son, Sir Andrew deGarviach, was Dominus de Caskieben in 1357. His daughter and heiress Margaret, became the wife of the first Johnston of Caskieben.
1001/1005
King of Strathclyde, 1018-1034, King of Scots, 1034-1040; Died near Elgin, Moray, Scotland; murdered by his own men led by Macbeth; he beseiged Durham, 14 Aug 1040“The Gracious”
Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain;[2] anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"[3]; ca. 1001 – 14 August 1040)[1] was king of Scotland (Alba) from 1034 to 1040. He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Malcolm II of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda).
Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful.[4] Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, between 1018 and 1034, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.[5]
An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen[6]. Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1057 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.[7]
The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as his dux, literally duke, but in the context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth was the power behind the throne.[8]
In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, traditionally seen as Macbeth's domain. There he was killed in action, at Bothganowan, now Pitgaveny, near Elgin, by his own men led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040.[9] He was buried at the Isle of Iona.
[edit] Depictions in fiction
Duncan is depicted as an elderly King in Macbeth by William Shakespeare. He is killed in his sleep by the protagonist, Macbeth.
In the animated television series Gargoyles he is depicted as a weak and conniving king who assassinates those who he believes threaten his rule. He even tries to assassinate Macbeth. However like in actual history he is killed in battle.
Notes
1. ^ a b Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)".
2. ^ Donnchad mac Crínáin is the Mediaeval Gaelic form.
3. ^ Skene, Chronicles, p. 101.
4. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 33.
5. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 40.
6. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 37.
7. ^ Oram, David I, p. 233, n. 26: the identification is from the Orkneyinga saga but Máel Muire's grandson Máel Coluim, Earl of Atholl is known to have married Donald III's granddaughter Hextilda.
8. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, pp. 33–34.
9. ^ Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)"; the date is from Marianus Scotus and the killing is recorded by the Annals of Tigernach.
References
• Anderson, Alan Orr, Early Sources of Scottish History AD 500 to 1286, volume one. Republished with corrections, Paul Watkins, Stamford, 1990. ISBN 1-871615-03-8
• Broun, Dauvit, "Duncan I (d. 1040)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 15 May 2007
• Duncan, A. A. M., The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002. ISBN 0-7486-1626-8
• Oram, Richard, David I: The King Who Made Scotland. Tempus, Stroud, 2004. ISBN 0-7524-2825-Xde Wet, 17th Century
King of Alba
Reign 1034–1040 Predecessor Malcolm II Successor Macbeth Spouse Suthen Issue Malcolm III, King of Alba
Donald III, King of Alba House Dunkeld Father Crínán of Dunkeld Mother Bethóc Died 14 August 1040[1]
Pitgaveny, near Elgin Burial Iona ?
Ælflaed (Sybil) of Northumbria
a cousin of Siward, Danish Earl of Northumbria(Suthen?)
The second son Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. (after his brother, Malcolm III of Canamore)
Sir James deGarviach, appears in Cordyce in 1316 and of Balnacraig in 1324-9 and was married to Helen of Mar.
During the reign of Robert the Bruce (abt 1274-1330)
Thomas Johnston?
Swore fealty to King Edward I in 1296Johnston: Anciently spelt de Johnestoune or Johnestoun and afterwards Johneston or Johnstoun.
Surname: Johnston
This interesting name is of Scottish locational origin, from the lands thus called in Annandale, Dumfriesshire. The founder of the family, bearing the forename, Jonis, is believed to have followed his overlords from Yorkshire circa 1174 and was granted the lands to which he gave his name.
The second element is the medieval English "tone" or "toun", from the Olde English pre 7th Century "tun", a settlement, hence, "Jonistune", later "Johnston" or "Johnstone". His son, Gilbert, was the first to adopt the territorial surname (see below). Johan de Jonestone, a knight of Dunfrys, rendered homage to John Balliol in 1296.
In some cases the name is locational from the city of Perth, formerly recorded as (St.) Johnstoun, or from the lands of Jonystoun, an estate in the parish of Humbie, East Lothian.
Interesting namebearers include Archibald Johnston (1610 - 1663) Lord Warriston, a Scottish statesman who was a member of Oliver and Richard Cromwell's House of Lords; Samuel Johnston (1733 - 1816) governor of North Carolina, 1788, U.S. Senator 1789 - 1793, and judge of the Supreme Court, 1800 - 1803; and Sir Alexander Johnston (1775 - 1849) advocate-general of Ceylon in 1799. On June 2nd 1718, Christopher Johnstone married Helen Murray in Langholm, Dumfries.
The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Gilbertus de Jonistune, which was dated circa 1195, charter witness in the "Annandale Family Book of the Johnstones" by Sir William Fraser, during the reign of King William, known as "The Lion of Scotland", 1166 - 1214.
Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.
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